Tony Shortall is Director of Telage, a consultancy in the field of telecommunications economics and regulation. He is an economist specialising in the regulation of network industries and is acknowledged expert in the area of telecommunications policy and regulation. Tony previously worked as senior economist at the European Commission and the Irish Competition Authority, Tony also worked in the telecommunications industry having worked with both fixed and mobile operators. He has written extensively on these matters and has advised governments, regulators and firms. He holds degrees in economics (M.A.) and computers (B.A.) from University College Cork, Ireland and an LLM from the BSC in Brussels, Belgium. Some relevant publications: SHORTALL T. 2022 “European success in achieving very high capacity networks: a process of trial and error”. VOL 23 ISSUE 6 Utility Law Review BOURREAUX M., MAXWELL W. , SHORTALL T. 2021 “Cooperation between firms to deploy very high capacity networks” CERRE Report.